Novice nurses’ experiences from teamwork in the emergency department: A qualitative content analysis

Background and aimTeamwork is assumed crucial in nursing. Nevertheless, nursing shortages in medical centers have thus far compelled nurse managers to use novice nurses. The present study aimd to explaining the challenges and experiences of novice nurses regarding teamwork in emergency departments.Materials and methodsUsing qualitative content analysis, 11 novice nurses working at emergency department, participated in this study. Data were collected with semi structured interview and analyzed by Graneheim and Lundman.ResultsThe data analysis led to the emergence of four themes of “essential teamwork skills development”, “contradictory relationships between team members”, “unpleasant feelings and experiences”, and, “personal growth and maturation during teamwork”.ConclusionFostering different personal aspects as prerequisites for teamwork, novice nurses will be able to deal with unpleasant feelings and experiences as well as contradictory relationships between team members in an effective manner. This challenging experience will thus give rise to personal growth and maturation during teamwork among them in emergency department.     

Moral Distress and Burnout in NICU Nurses

The objectives of this study were to factor analyze the Moral Distress Scale–Revised (MDS-R) in NICU nurses and to evaluate the relationships among dimensions of the MDS-R and the demoralization, exhaustion, and loss of motive dimensions of the Burnout Measure (BM). A total of 142 NICU nurses completed modified pen-and-paper versions of the MDS-R and BM. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses showed that the MDS-R-14 was a relatively good fit for the data. The compromised care dimension predicted BM demoralization (β = 0.24) and exhaustion (β = 0.22), the futile care dimension predicted BM exhaustion (β = 0.18), and the untruthful care dimension predicted BM demoralization (β = .25). Strategies to mitigate moral distress and resulting burnout in NICU nurses should address futile care, compromised care, and untruthful care.     

Comprehensive interrogation of gene lists from genome-scale cancer screens with oncoEnrichR

Genome-scale screening experiments in cancer produce long lists of candidate genes that require extensive interpretation for biological insight and prioritization for follow-up studies. Interrogation of gene lists frequently represents a significant and time-consuming undertaking, in which experimental biologists typically combine results from a variety of bioinformatics resources in an attempt to portray and understand cancer relevance. As a means to simplify and strengthen the support for this endeavor, we have developed oncoEnrichR, a flexible bioinformatics tool that allows cancer researchers to comprehensively interrogate a given gene list along multiple facets of cancer relevance. oncoEnrichR differs from general gene set analysis frameworks through the integration of an extensive set of prior knowledge specifically relevant for cancer, including ranked gene-tumor type associations, literature-supported proto-oncogene and tumor suppressor gene annotations, target druggability data, regulatory interactions, synthetic lethality predictions, as well as prognostic associations, gene aberrations and co-expression patterns across tumor types. The software produces a structured and user-friendly analysis report as its main output, where versions of all underlying data resources are explicitly logged, the latter being a critical component for reproducible science. We demonstrate the usefulness of oncoEnrichR through interrogation of two candidate lists from proteomic and CRISPR screens. oncoEnrichR is freely available as a web-based service hosted by the Galaxy platform ( https://oncotools.elixir.no ), and can also be accessed as a stand-alone R package ( https://github.com/sigven/oncoEnrichR ).     

基于弥散张量成像的脑白质微结构分析方法在视路损伤中的应用进展

视觉通路包括视神经、视交叉、视束、视放射及视皮质。常规磁共振检查技术难以发现视路损伤后白质纤维微结构改变,眼科学检查也存在一定的局限性及主观性,且不能探测后视路的变化。弥散张量成像(diffusion tensor imaging,DTI)作为一种新兴的磁共振成像技术,通过各种后处理分析方法结合不同的参数进行分析,可提供组织的微结构信息,并能够直观显示活体白质纤维束,在无创地探索疾病的神经病理机制、评估预后方面起着重要的作用。近年来随着DTI后处理方法的不断创新,其在视路损伤中的研究越来越多。本文在介绍DTI的主要参数及常见脑白质微结构分析方法的同时,阐述了其在视路损伤研究中的应用,并进一步对各种分析方法的优缺点进行总结。     

Effects of the Cerebral Aneurysm Treatment Method on Coil Packing Density and Its Relationship with the Ostium Area

PurposeTo test the following hypotheses: (a) balloon or stent assistance increases coil packing density (CPD) in the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms, and (b) CPD correlates to ostium area (OA) and aneurysm volume (AV).Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study included 60 aneurysms (54 ruptured and 6 unruptured) treated with simple coiling (SC) (n = 18), balloon-assisted coiling (BAC) (n = 7), or stent-assisted coiling (SAC) (n = 35) at the authors’ institution between August 2017 and December 2019. AV and OA measurements were obtained from 3-dimensional digital subtraction angiography images using commercial software. Coil sizes were retrieved from patient files, and coil volume (CV) measurements were obtained from https://www.angiocalc.com/. Analysis of covariance, multivariate covariance analysis, and Pearson correlation analyses were performed.ResultsThe median value for AV, CV, CPD, and OA was 63.4 mm³ (range, 5.5–1,771.4 mm³), 23.13 mm³ (range, 2.03–296.95 mm³), 33.29% (range, 13.41%–81.02%), and 10.7 mm² (range, 2.7–49.9 mm²), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the CPD values were not significantly different among the treatment groups, although OA significantly differed between the SC and SAC groups (P < .05). Pearson correlations showed that similar to AV, OA was negatively correlated with CPD (r = ?0.321, P < .05).ConclusionsThe CPD value in cerebral aneurysms treated with BAC or SAC did not differ from that in aneurysms treated with SC.     

基于SSR标记与化学成分构建十堰地区天师栗核心种质库＊

目的 利用筛选出十堰的天师栗中高多态性SSR位点评价天师栗种质资源的遗传多样性，结合有效药用成分含量，构建十堰地区天师栗核心种质库。方法 收集十堰地区114份天师栗种质资源，以七叶树基因组为参考，采用荧光毛细管电泳筛选出高多态性SSR位点，对天师栗种质资源进行遗传多样性分析。利用HPLC测定不同种质干燥娑罗子中七叶皂苷的含量。采用最小距离逐步聚类取样策略（LDSS），根据遗传多样性保留程度初步筛选出核心种质，并对该核心种质与原始种质的遗传多样性参数进行T检验，选择与原种质差异不显著的核心种质为最佳核心种质。结果 筛选出13对高多态性SSR分子标记，遗传多样性评价结果表明十堰地区天师栗种质资源遗传多样性较高，遗传分化较小，存在着较大的基因流，114份种质资源未分为不同的亚群，周家坝和辽叶居群间具有较近的遗传亲缘关系，且周家坝居群娑罗子中的七叶皂苷A及七叶皂苷B含量普遍较高。最终筛选出的核心种质共23份，占总种质资源的20.17%，其中周家坝12份样本、辽叶6份样本、普龄5份样本。结论 将SSR分子标记与主要有效药用成分结合，采用LDSS取样策略构建十堰地区天师栗种质资源核心种质库的方法具有可行性，能够有效的保存与管理天师栗种质资源，也为当地天师栗品种改良、新品种选育研究等提供了研究基础。     

红外光谱数据融合对栽培滇重楼产地鉴别*

目的 多样的环境因素使得不同产地栽培滇重楼的化学成分也丰富多样，不同居群栽培滇重楼的甾体皂苷类成分具有很大的差异，多源数据融合分析能更全面的表征药材化学信息，建立一个高效而准确的产地鉴别模型，为其资源合理开发利用提供依据。方法 以来自云南和四川的8个产地（保山、楚雄、大理、红河、丽江、成都、文山、玉溪）共366份栽培滇重楼根茎为实验材料，采集其傅里叶变换近红外光谱（FT-NIR）和衰减全反射-傅里叶变换中红外光谱（ATR-FTMIR）数据。采用Kennard-Stone算法将不同产地的样品分为2/3的训练集和1/3的预测集，基于4种特征变量提取方法（CARS、VIP、SPA、SO-Covsel）结合2种数据融合策略（低级数据融合和中级数据融合），建立偏最小二乘产地判别分析模型。根据模型参数交叉验证均方根误差（RMSECV）和预测均方根误差（RMSEP）评估模型的稳定性，模型训练集和预测集准确率（ACC）评估模型分类性能。结果 近红外光谱和中红外光谱均能反应不同产地栽培滇重楼的化学成分差异，在中级数据融合中，基于VIP和SPA提取的特征变量建立的模型正确率均大于94%。相较于中级数据融合，低级数据融合模型得到了最为满意的结果，其预测集分类正确率达到100%。结论 根据近红外和中红外数据建立的低级数据融合PLS-DA模型，能够用于栽培滇重楼的产地鉴别分析。     

Assessment of dental implant surface stability at the nanoscale level

ObjectivesTo study the oxide layer stability of certified dental implants of system "P", made based on TiO₂ alloy with carbon coating. To perform a comparative statistical analysis of the obtained data with the available data for the dental implants of systems "A" and "B".MethodsX-ray microtomography and X-ray fluorescence analysis were used to study soft tissue biopsy specimens. Supernatants were studied by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy when simulating free emission of nanoscale metal oxide particles from the surface of dental implants as well as when simulating physical loading. A comparative analysis of three parameters of nanoscale particles was performed by statistical data analysis. The surface of the "P" system dental implant with surface treatment was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy.ResultsBoth free emission of nanoscale oxide layer particles and yield of nano- and microscale particles during simulation of physical load were confirmed. Statistically significant differences were noted in a comparative analysis of the size and frequency of occurrence of these particles in the supernatants obtained from the surfaces of three dental implant systems. The elemental composition of the particles and the composition and structure of the "P" system dental implants themselves were analyzed.SignificanceThe developed method of dynamic light scattering can be used to compare the stability of the oxide layer of standardized medical products manufactured on the basis of the TiO₂ alloy.